Iodine deficiency disease pdf

The consequence of iodine deficiency during pregnancy is impaired synthesis of thyroid hormones by the mother and the fetus. Worldwide, iodine deficiency disease is the most common cause of thyroid augmentation and goiter. Worldwide, iodine deficiency is the most common cause of thyroid enlargement and goiter see goiter brochure. Council for control of iodine deficiency disorders concerning the legal status of any.

Patients with a big goiter might experience symptoms of choking, particularly when lying down, and difficulty swallowing and breathing. Iodine deficiency is the major cause of goiter worldwide, but this is rarely a cause in more economically developed countries where iodine is. Thyroiditis inflammation autoimmune hashimotos disease. Thus, iodine deficiency can lead to enlargement of the thyroid goiter see goiter. Iodine deficiency in the fetus is the result of iodine deficiency in the mother. The world health organization who estimates over 2 billion people may be iodine deficient, with up to 50 million of them suffering from serious symptoms of iodine deficiency, such as brain damage. It emphasizes the role of iodine deficiency in the development of brain damage and neurocognitive impairment, assessment of the. Thus, optimisation of population iodine intake is an important component of preventive. An insufficient supply of thyroid hormones to the developing brain may result in neurocognitive impairment 1925. Iodine deficiency has multiple adverse effects on growth and development, and is the most common cause of preventable intellectual disability in the world. The disease may be seen throughout the andes, in the whole sweep of the himalayas. Once a rare concern in the western world, this imbalance is on the increase in north america.

Before 1 950 go iter was a wid espread di sease caused by iodine d eficiency. Pdf on oct 31, 2015, kavitha menon and others published iodine deficiency. Iodine deficiency, coupled with selenium deficiency, is likely to lead into thyroid imbalance. Iodine deficiency an old epidemic is back psychology today. Iodine deficiency in europe world health organization. Idd is used to define a group of diseases resulting from a relative loss of iodine in the diet, including multiple defects. Iodine is not a major public health problem for developed countries. The prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders unscn. At least half of children worldwide ages 6 months to 5 years suffer from one or more micronutrient deficiency, and globally more than 2 billion people are affected 2. In many individuals who are diagnosed with iodine deficiency, studies have shown some may have selenium deficiency as well. The iodine deficiency disorders thyroid disease manager.

Iron it acts as a carrier for oxygen from the lungs to the bodys tissues it does so in the form of hemoglobin and it also integral to the working of various tissues through the role that it plays in enzymatic reactions. In the united states, salt is iodized with potassium iodide at 100 parts per million. Tiny amounts of iodine to offset huge health risks a teaspoon of iodine, spread over a lifetime, is all that is needed to prevent a host of debilitating health problems collectively known as iodinedeficiency disorders. Goitre is a visible sign of severe iodine deficiency. Iodine i odine, a trace element found in soil, is an essential component of the thyroid hormones involved in regulating the bodys metabolic processes. Iodine deficien cy was previously a com mon dise ase in norway, because the conte nt of io dine in the drin king water was low. Iodized salt and seafood are the major dietary sources of iodine. Iodine deficiency is a public health problem if prevalence of goiter is greater than 5% c.

Iodine deficiency affects the whole community and can lead to increasing rates of thyroid disease amongst the general population and higher rate of intellectual impairment in children. Iodine, iodine deficiency, and iodine deficiency disorders. When left untreated, iodine deficiency can lead to severe hypothyroidism. One of the more serious manifestations of thyroid imbalance is a goiter. Deficiencies in micronutrients such as iron, iodine, vitamin a, folate and zinc can have devastating consequences. Although the pathology may be different in extrathyroidal cancers, stadel has postulated that given the geographical associations of iodine deficiency, prevalence of goiter, and incidence of reproductive cancers, there is a direct association with iodine deficiency. As with many diseases, it is better to prevent the problem rather than have to. Immpact focuses primarily on helping to eliminate deficiencies. This results in the disease states collectively known as iodine deficiency disorders idd. Iodine deficiency might be contributing to the large increase in thyroid problems being seen clinically. Iodine deficiency disorders result from inadequate thyroid hormone production secondary to insufficient iodine. Symptoms of iodine deficiency global healing center. Iodine deficiency disorder is a threat to social and economic development of a country.